Si Jean Paul-Sartre at Ako

Si Jean Paul-Sartre

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Naniniwala ang pilosopong si Jean Paul-Sartre na tayong mga tao ay ganap at isunumpa para maging malaya. Dahil sa hindi maikakailang kalayaang ito, masasabing wala tayong Diyos.

Pinatunayan niyang hindi maipagkakasundo ang konsepto n gating pagiging malaya at ang pagkakaroon ng Diyos sa pamamagitan nang pagtalakay niya ng pagkakaiba ng mga kaisipang “kakanyahan bago ang kariyanan” (essence precedes existence) at “kariyanan bago ang kakanyahan” (existence precedes essence.) Ipinaliwanag niya na lahat ng inilikha at inembento ng tao ay may nakatakda nang kakanyahan e.g. hitsura, porma, silbi, gamit, etc. sa isip ng manlilikha o imbentor bago pa man ito gawin. Kaya, sila ay sumusunod sa kaisipang “kakanyahan bago ang kariyanan.” Hindi sila malayang pumili kung anong gusto nilang maging. Tayong mga tao, ayon sa kanya ay hindi ganito. Dahil kung may isang Makapangyarihang Tagapaglikha na tinatawag nating Diyos, para na rin tayong mga likha ng tao na may nakatakda nang kakanyahan bago pa man tayo ipanganak. Naniniwala si Sartre na hindi ito maaari kasi tayo nga ay may ganap na kalayaan (absolute freedom) at isinumpa tayo para maging malaya (condemned to be free.) Ganap, dahil walang Diyos na makakapigil sa atin, at isinumpa dahil wala tayong kawala sa pagiging malaya.

Isinilang tayo na wala pang kakanyahan o essence. Nagkakaroon tayo nito bilang resulta ng ating mga desisyon at mga ginawa habang tayo ay lumalaki. Ayon pa sa kanya, ang ating kakanyahan ay ang kalahatan ng ating mga gawa at mga napagtagumpayan. Sa madaling salita, nauuna an gating kariyanan ke’sa sa ating kakanyahan. Kaya, walang Diyos na Tagapaglikha, tayo ay malaya.

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Kakabit daw ng ating pagiging ganap na kalayaan ay ang ganap na pananagutan. Dahil wala tayong Diyos na masasandalan, tayo ang magbibigay solusyon sa ating mga suliranin. Dahil walang Diyos na gumawa ng lahat, wala tayong karapatan magreklamo sa kung anumang sitwasyon tayo napapalagay. Lahat ay kagagawan natin.

At para sa isang makabuluhang pamumuhay, bilang mga nilalang na may kalayaan, ay gumawa ng konsepto ng moralidad at mga pagpapahalaga(values) dahil wala ngang Diyos na nagdidikta ng mga ito sa atin.

Ako

Masasabi kong kahanga-hanga si Sartre. Akalain mong naisip niya ang mga bagay na yun? Hindi ako isang pilosopo. Wala akong kredibilidad para sabihing mali siya. Hindi ako masyadong matalino para sabihing may kulang pa. Hindi ko siya ganoon kakilala para paghusgahan siya. Pero ito ang masasabi ko, may punto siya, magaling ang mga argumento niya.

Magiging dahilan ba ito para hindi na ako maniwala na may Diyos? Ang sagot ko ay hindi.

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Marahil dahil sa kanyang salita, ako ay isang “duwag, at walang binatbat, at walang kwenta. (They are cowards and scum.”) Pero hindi.

Marahil dahil ayoko ko lang talagang tumiwalag sa mga nakagisnan ko nang paniniwala. Pero hindi.

Ang sagot kung bakit hindi? Kasi naniniwala akong walang ganap na kalayaan. Hindi lahat ng bagay ay magagawa ng natin ng walang limitasyon. Hindi lahat ng gusto natin ay nasusunod. Hindi lahat ng gustuhin natin ay mangyayari.

Bilang mga tao, sadya tayong may mga kahinaan. Natural yan. Hindi dahil malaya tayo ay mawawala na ang karakteristik na ito. Oo, marahil pwede natin itong kontrolin at malagpasan, pero darating at darating pa rin ang mga oras na magiging mahina tayo.

Bilang mga malayang tao, bakit karamihan pa rin ang naniniwala sa Diyos? Dahil kailangan nating maniwala, hindi dahil tayo ay likha niya, kundi dahil tayo ay tao. Tao na gustong mabuhay ng masaya at makabuluhan, tao na may mga hindi naipapaliwanag na mga bagay-bagay at misteryo, tao na may kalayaang maniwala sa gusto niyang paniwalaan para maibsan ang mga pagkukulang niya.

Oo, tama siya na tayo mismo ang gumagawa ng ating mga kakanyahan at wala nang iba. Pero hindi natin maipagkakaila na may tumutulong sa ating ibang tao, ibang mga aspeto katulad ng klima, pangangailangan, atbp. Hindi sapat ang argumento na nagawa natin ang lahat dahil lang sa malaya tayo. May mga bagay na umuusbong na nagsasabi sa ating kailangan nating gawin ang mga bagay bagay. Kung kailangan mo at matino kang tao, hindi mo ba to gagawin kasi may kalayaan kang hindi gawin ito. Hindi ako masyadong bihasa sa Pilosopiya pero alam kong ito ay sumasakop lamang sa may matitinong pag-iisip at mga makabuluhang ideya.

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Isa pa, masasabi bang lohikal kapag kinompara ang mga tao sa mga bagay? Dahil nga bagay sila, wala silang kakayahan para magdesisyon kung anong maging gusto nila. Natural yan sa kanila. Gawa lamang sila ng mga tao na hindi Diyos, na makapangyarihan at nakakapagbigay buhay. Ang mga bagay ay walang kakayahang hindi magpa-likha kung gusto siyang ilikha at kailangan siyang ilikha. Ang mga bagay ay produkto ng pangangailangan ng mga tao. Masasabi ba nating produkto tayo ng pangangailangan ng Diyos? Harapin natin ang katotohanan na tayo ang nangangailangan sa isang konsepto ng Diyos.

Sa tingin ko, ang mga pilosopiyang ganito ay hindi masama. Marahil hindi tama sa mata ng simbahan, pero isa itong pagsubok sa paniniwala ng mga naniniwala. Isang pagsubok na kapag nalagpasan ay magbubunga sa isang mas magandang paniniwala at relihiyon. Isang bagong estruktura na may mas matatag na pundasyon.

Muli hindi ako nagsasabing mali si Sartre. Di ko sinasabing masama siyang tao. Isa lang siyang taong nag-iisip at nag-oobserba sa mga bagay-bagay sa mundo. Hindi rin ako nagsasabi na tama ako. May tama nga ba sa mundo ng Pilosopiya? Hindi ko alam. Maniwala ka sa gusto mong paniwalaan. Malaya ka.

"Staying On Top": An Insight

          

Ho Kwon Ping from scmp.com

A business firm is a reflection of its owner or owners. Business firms as we see them at present, whether successful or not, are the products of the decisions, choices, goals and aspirations of entrepreneurs: hence, these four factors truly are relevant in making ventures a success.

            Decision-making must be done methodically, rationally and wisely. Thus, the process requires the owners or the proprietor together with the policy-making body to be intelligent as to know what are the significant things to decide on for the progress of the business. Indeed, good educational background helps a lot in making businesses successful. Having to attend school at Stanford University and with a family of businessmen, Ho Kwon Ping must've fulled his bucket of knowledge and enhanced his skills.

            In the same way, the subsequent decision made must be the most appropriate one. That is, it's a matter of choosing the best and right choices. “Staying on Top” tells readers how Ping, the owner of Banyan Tree hotels made a choice in certain situations like having to choose between brand and technology to be his proprietary advantage as well as “choosing the battlefield where to fight the battle.” Life is the total sum of all the choices that we've made, whether the good or the bad ones, and so is a business firm.

            Perhaps, the core value, on which the piece of writing revolved, is innovativeness. Being innovative as the core value, is a way of responding to circumstances that has a great impact to the firm. It's somehow a call to be pliant as the necessity compels; hence, “Necessity is the mother of all inventions.” This fact is manifested in introducing new ways of service and unique structures such as the pool villas and tropical garden spa as done by Ping on Banyan Tree due to the absence of beach in the hotel's vicinity.

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            Innovativeness is also a way of achieving the goal and aspiration of the owner to stay on the top position. Continuous innovations and thus keeping the reputation of being positively different from others who offer the same service will keep customers and attract other tourists to patronize the service. Similarly, expanding to locations that are not yet exposed to the kind of service,introducing their innovation to them as well as setting the trend will be of great aid to attain their aim of staying on top. Business companies must not be complacent of their present status; hence, innovating must be continuous, just as education to us humans is a never ending process. Ceasing to go continue learning and thus being stagnant will make us futile. There's always room for improvements.

            Ho Kwon Ping is the businessman to be. In the article I've seen how his efforts are focused and how he panned and made decisions with his goals as guiding force. He also have acted soundly upon the threat of new entrants and rivalry amongst competitors through the application of his well-equipped knowledge, his never-give-up-there-are-many-ways-to-be-a-successful-businessman and the company's core value – innovativeness.

This insight is on the article "Staying on Top" by Sonia Kolesnikov-Jessop, published on Reader's Digest Asia, December 2009 issue. 

Normalcy is Bliss

The past two weeks everyone seemed to be engulfed with a festive mode, not with Intramurals and Peñafrancia fiesta. Perhaps, what I’ve learned is that normalcy can be of bliss. Hence, I am not that orientated towards celebrating almost every time. Something is lacking. Happiness isn’t complete. I was thinking that I don’t deserve this festive mode. Have I worked well? Have I studied well? No, I think not. You see, I really feel guilty.

Tomorrow, I’ll be back to school. Back to normal. As much as I hate stressful stuff that studying brings, I am kind of looking forward to  it. Because that’s normal. Celebrations here, food treats there, can also be normal, but it can’t happen almost every other day. We need to work. It’s what is healthy.

So there, I miss working. I should start working.

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Sometimes, I think of home. Or most appropriately, travelling from home to here. I don’t specifically miss my home. I miss the travelling.

During the past few festive days, I have come to meet many people more. Some I have come to like more, I have come to hate more, some I can say that I must take cautions on mingling with. Oooh. They’re kind of scary being so rich and affluent. But despite of that, I feel happy  that these festive weeks have let me know them more.

I feel also sad that I don’t miss my family. Well they don’t miss me as well. That’s for sure. It’s just sad. So sad. If I could be financially independent now, I will surely cut my communications with them. I don’t miss them that way. And it’s sad.

I have pending school works that needs to be done. Perhaps, later? Ok. Procrastination mode.

It’s also kind of hard adjusting from festive mode to normalcy again. But I guess I should just go with it. Sooner or later, I’ll adapt.

Festive mode: Keanu's Birthday and Penafrancia Fiesta Celeb

I have some laundry to do back in my almost hell boarding house. Oh, I forgot to tell you that I’ve been staying with Monaliza and Jai for the past festive days. I just don’t like my landlady and her entire family. As if I’m the one who is at fault. I will not say sorry to them. They should be the one saying sorry to me. Fuck them. I am ready to start the new semester in a new boarding house if they shall continue being the bane of my life. Or do I? I like the free wifi. Maybe I should just endure their badness. As long as there is free wifi. Hmp.

Or maybe, I should really change boarding house. Free wifi may be the culprit of my declining academic performance. Hmmm. Yes yes. Should start finding one.

I should iron out my uniform. Then organize my things for school. And then do the laundry.